Sheet feeding apparatus



Aug. 9, 1932. YE. s. LINCOLN 1,870,336

SHEET FEEDING APPARATUS..`

Filed June 11, 1930 5 sheets-sheet 1 Gttorncgs Aug 9, 1932 E, s. llNcoLN1,870,336

SHEET FEEDING APPARATUS Filed June 1l, 1930 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 3 nmutor/nwam.

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Gnome# Aug. 9, 1932. VE. s. LINCOLN SHEET FEEDING APPARATUS 5Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed June ll, 1930 @AMM/Ow, Gttorncgs Aug- 9, 1932- v E.s. LINCOLN 1,870,336

SHEET FEEDING APPARATUS Filed June 11, 1930 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Aug. 9,1932. E. s. LINCOLN 1,870,336

SHEET FEEDING APPARATUS Filed June l1, 1930 5 Smeets--Sheell 5 'lnncntorwww;

Patented Aug. 9, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE EDWIN S. LINCOLN, OFSCARSDALE, NEW YORK1 ASSIGNOR TO DEXTER FOLDER COM- PANY, 0F NEW YORK,N. Y., A CORPORATION 0F NEW YORK SHEET FEEDING .APPARATUS Applicationled June 11,

This invention relates to means for lifting and separating sheets one byonefrom a stack or pile of such sheets, and more particularly to meansfor separating and lifting sheets of magnetic material.

Heretofore in magnetic sheet separating apparatus considerabledifficulty has been ex'- perienced in preventing the picking up of morethan onevsheet at a time. Due to the fact that the metallic sheets, oftin, for example, stick together until air is admitted between them, thesecond sheet tends to be carriedup with the top sheet. Moreover, thelines of force of the lifting magnet tend to pass through the top sheetinto the second sheet and to lift the latter also. However, it has beenfound that when the intensity of the magnetic field is reduced to thepoint where penetration is positively prevented, the lifting power ofthe magnet is too small to lift the sheets. For these reasons, amongothers, it has heretofore proved inpracticable to obtain reliable andeHicient separation of individual sheets by means of lifting ma nets.

ne of the objects of this invcention is to provide novel magnetic sheetseparating means which may be operated at relatively high speeds andwhich will reliably separate and lift individual sheets one by one froma stack or pile.

Another object is to provide novel magnetic sheet lifting means adaptedto prevent the penetration of the magnetic flux through more than onesheet.

A further object is to provide novel sheet separating means adapted bothto separate and lift the top sheet from a stackof sheets and to forwardthe sheet to feed it olf the stack.

A still further object is to provide novel sheet separating meansembodying means to lift a portion of a sheet while holding down anadjacent portion .whereby the sheet is flexed and the separation thereoffrom the next adjacent sheet is facilitated.

Another object is to provide novel sheet separating means embodyingmeans for lifting a portion of a sheet while holding down an adjacentportion to flex the sheet and then 1930. serial No. 460,527.

releasing the holding down means and lift-` Fig. l is a side elevationof an apparatus i embodying the invention;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of said apparatus;

Figs. 3 and 4 are perspective views of the apparatus, parts beingremoved for the sake of clearness;

Fig. 5 is a wiring diagram;

Figs. 6 and 7 illustrate forms of lifting solenoids; 1

Figs. 8, 9 and 10 are diagrammatic views showing various positions inthe opera-tion of another embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 11 is a section through a combined holding down and liftingsolenoid; and

Fig- 12 is a Wiring dlagrarn for the embodiment shown in Figs. 8, 9 and10.

While the separating and feeding mechanism constituting the invention isbroadly. adapted for and may be employed in the separation and feedingof sheets for any purpose, the drawings show the invention emodied in anapparatus for separating the feeding sheets of magnetic material, suchas tin, from a stack to a feed or conveying table. Accordingly, asupporting frame 1 of any suitable construction and material, wherebythe separating and feeding mechanism is supported, is associated with afeed table 2 of any suitable type that is pro-4 vided with conveyingrollers 3. As shown, the frame 1 is pivoted on apin 4 so that theseparating and feeding mechanism may be swung into and out of operativerelation with said feed table. A stack `or pile of sheets 5, of suitablemagnetic material, such as tin, is supported by a table 6 that ispreferably rov1 ed with suitable side register devices The table 6 iscarried by an elevating mechanism of any suitable type, and in the formshown, rests on flights 8 secured to elevator chains 9, the latterassing over and being driven by sprocket W eels 10 mounted on a pair ofshafts 11, one at each side of the frame. The lower ends of the chains 9pass over sprocket wheels 12 mounted on a palr of shafts 13 which rotatein adjustable brackets 14 secured to the frame 1 by set screws 15. Thetension of the sprocket chains 9 may be adjusted by means of bolts 16.

For the urpose of rotating the sprocket wheels to rive the elevator cains, each of the shafts 11 preferably carries a worm gear 17 meshingwith a worm 18, the latter being mounted on a common shaft 19 thatrotates in bearings formed on the frame 1. Any suitable means may beemplo ed to rotate the shaft 19 to -elevate the ta le 6, and in the formshown, an electric motor 20 that is suitably mounted on a bracket 21constituting a part of the frame of the feed table 2 carries a pinion 22on its shaft meshing with an idler 23 which in turn drives a pinion 24on the shaft 19. The motor 20 is preferably controlled. automatically inorder to maintain the top sheet of the stack in proper elevation, andaccordingly a roller 25 that is adapted to rest upon the top of thestack is carried at one end of an arm 26 pivoted to the frame 1 to 27and carrying at its other end a contact 28 cooperatingY with astationary con- -tact 29 that is carried by an arm 30 likewise securedto the framey 1. Contacts 28 and 29 are connected in the circuit ofmotor 20, vso that as the height of the stack decreases, the

roller 25afalls until contacts 28-and 29 close",

whereupon motor 20 is energized to elevate the table 6 until contacts 28and 29 open. Thus the elevation of the top sheet of the stack isautomatically maintained within proper limits. Table 6 is maintained inits elevated position by means of a ratchet 31 on the shaft 19 withwhich cooperates a pawl 32 that is carried by a shaft 33 rotatablymounted in the frame 1 and provided on its outer end with a handle 34.It is to be expressly understood, however, that the above described pileelevating mechanism and the operating and control mechanism therefor areshown for purposes of illustration only and constitute no part per se ofthe present invention.

Suitable means are provided for lifting and separating .thetop sheetfrom the pile and then for'forward'fng-the lifted top sheet to feed itoff the pile. lWhen the sheets are of magnetic material, said meanspreferably take the form of a plurality of horizontally movable solenoidcoils', each having a vertically movable solenoid plunger or case whichlift the sheet when the coils are energized. The solenoids may bemounted in any suitable manner, and in the form shown are slidablymounted on a framework constituted by a plurality of rails 35 that aresecured at their forward ends in brackets 36 formed in a cross member 37and are connected together at their rear ends by a suitable cross piece38. Preferably the framework constituted by the rails 35 and crossmembers 37 and 38 is pivoted to the frame 1 at its forward end by meansof pfvot pins 39 mounted in suitable bearings formed in said frame, andthe lower outer rails 35 are provided with laterally extending arms 40adapted lo rest on the frame 1 to support the rear portion of saidframework. A plurality of soienoids 4l which, as shown, are four innumber, are each secured in an` 'suitable manner to a plate 42 that isprovlded with a plurality of rollers 43 resting on the lower rails 35.The plates 42 are connected in pairs by suitable means such as crossbars 44 passing through suitable clamps 45 mounted on the plates 42. Theforward and rear pairs are joined together by means of rods 46 providedwith a turnbuckle 47, whereby thedistance between the forward and rearpairs of solenoids can be adjusted for different sheet lengths. All ofthe solenoids 41 are thus mounted on a traveling carrfage constituted bythe interconnected plates 42 rolling by means of rollers 43 on the railsSaid carriage may be moved back and forth on said rails in any suitablemanner and preferably is forwarded by means of a solenoid plunger 48operated by a solenoid 49 that is hung by means of bracket 36 betweentwocentral upper rails 35, the top surfaces of said rails be-ng preferablynotched or serrated and set screws 51 provided to maintain the solenoid49 in any desired position relative to said rails. The travelingcarriage may be retracted` by suitable means such as a spring or springs52.

Each of the solenoids 41 is provided with a plunger 53 that is liftedwhen the coils 41 are energized to lift the top sheet from the stack.The solenoid plungers 53 preferably have the form shown in Figs. 6 and 7in order to prevent the penetration of the magnetic flux through the topsheet of the pile. As shown in F ig. 6 a plunger 53 is provided adjacentits ends Whch contacts with the sheet with a portion 54 of reduceddiameter and with an enlarged head 55. The portion 54 can be made ofsufficient cross sectional arca that the magnetic fiux which will passthrough it before it becomes saturated is sufficient to Vhold the sheetin contact with the head 55 when the plunger 53 is lifted. This flux,

however, is distributed by the head 55 over a larger sheet areasufficient to prevent penetration of' the fiux through the top sheet tothe netic linx as will not pass through the neck 54v due to saturationleaking back to the solenoid 41 withoutpassing through the sheet. InFig. 7, the same result is obtained by tapping the end of the plunger 53and threading therein a screw 56 havingan enlarged head 57 adapted toContact with the sheet.

When the sheet has been lifted by the plungers 53 and fed forwardly bythe traveling carriage and the solenoid 49, the front Y edge of thelifted sheet passes over a curved guide plate 58 and is engaged by apair of feed rollers 59, 60 whereby it is fed forwardly to the rollers 3on the feed table 2. Feed rollers 59, 60 are driven by intermeshing ingconnections for the solenoid. Assuming controlling the circuits'of thevarious solenoids, and` as shown-a bevel gear 66 on the motor shaftmeshes with 'a bevel gear 67 on one end of a shaft 68, the lattercarrying a pair of .cams 69 and 70 which are adapted to close pairs ofcontacts 71 and 72 respectively .in a manner known to the art.

The operation of the apparatus will be understood from the abovedescription, taken in connection with Fig. illustrating the wirthetraveling carriage vto be retracted by means ofthe spring 52 until thesolenoids are positioned over the pile, the cam 70 acts to closethecontacts 72 which closes a lcircuit (Fig. 5) from the line wire 73through the contacts 72 and through each of the solenoids 41 in seriesto the line wire 74. Solenoids 41 arethus energized to lift the plungers53 which carrywith them the top sheet from the pile dueto their magneticattraction, as above described. As soon asthe top sheet has beenseparated and lifted, cam 69 acts to close the contacts 71 whereby acircuit (Fig. 5) is completed from the line wire 7 3 through thecontacts 71,and solenoid 49 to the line wire 74 and the travelingcarriage is pulled forwardly against the tension' of spring 52. rlhelifted top sheet is thereby forwardedbodily and fed o the pile, thefront edge of the sheet passing over' the curved guide plate 58 and intoengagement with the rotating feed roller 59, 46() which grip the sheetand feed it to the table 2. .l ust as the sheet is engaged by said feedrollers, or shortly thereafter, the cams 69 and 70 permit the contacts71 and 72 to open, thereby freeing the sheet from the action of themagnetic means and permitting the springs 52 to retract the travelingcarriage into position to pick up the next sheet. Preferably contacts 71and 72 are shunted by suitable condensers 75 and 76 respectively toprevent arcing of the contacts when the circuit is broken. The rollers59 and 60 having fed the lifted sheet from the pile, the contacts 72 areagain closed by the cam 70 to lift the next sheetand the operationcontinues as before, the stack of sheets being automatically.' elevatedby means of the motor and rollerA as above described. Preferably,thefeed rollers 59 and 60 are operated at fairly high speed in order toremove the sheets quickly from the pile.

ln some instances it is desirable to provide for iexing or bending thesheets as they are separatedfrom the pile, in order to admit air.between the sheets andto preventthe second sheet from sticking to thetop sheet and being lifted with it. Preferably additional magnetic meansare provided for this purpose and may comprise solenoids having plungersthat are positioned adjacent the lifting solenoids and are forceddownwardly against the sheet as the plungers 53 are lifted. Such anembodiment of the invention is illustrated diagrammatically in Figs. 8to 12 wherein a plurality of holding down solenoids 77 are provided, onesolenoid 77 prefer.

ably being' secured to each plate 42, although the number and locationof the holding down solenoids may be varied to suit conditions. Theplungers 78 of the holding down solenoids 77 'are held downwardlyagainst the sheet as shown clearly in Fig. 8 as the plungers 53 arelifted, whereby the corner portions of the top sheet are bent or flexedto initially separate the top sheet from the next adjacent sheet andto'admit air between the samek Thereafter, the plungers 78 may bereleased by deenergizing lthe solenoids 77, whereupon the entire sheetwillvbe lifted as above de-v scribed.

Preferably, however, and as illustrated in Figs. 8 to l2, the solenoids77 have a combined holding down and lifting action. That is, after thetop sheet has been bent or iexed at its corners, as illustrated in Fig.8, the action of the solenoid 77 is reversed and the plungers 78 becomeadditional lifting plungers and aid in liftinga the top sheet as shownin Fig. 9. This combined action of solenoids 77 may be accomplished inany suitable manner, as for example, by a double coil solenoid asillustrated in section in Fig. 11. The solenoid 77 comprises two coils79 and 80, separated by a plate 81 of suitable non-magnetic l 1When theupper coil 80 is energized, the p plunger 82 is pulled into the coilwhereby the plunger 78 is positively held downward i 4 ticallysimultaneously.

against thesheet as shown in Fig. 8. As soon as the corners of the sheethave been bent or flexed by the lifting action of the plungers 53, coilis deenergized and coil 9 is energized, whereupon plun er 78 is pulledupwardly into the solenoi and the magnetic attraction of the plunger 78is effective to aid in lifting the top sheet as shown in Fig. 9. Thetraveling carriage is then moved forwardly to feed the front edge of thesheet between the feeding rollers 59 and 60, as shown in Fig. 10.

The operation of this apparatus will be understood from the abovedescription taken in connection with Fig. 12 showing the wiring diagramfor the magnetic circuits. The

four magnetic circuits, namely, the circuits of the solenoids 41, 49, 79and 80 may be controlled bv suitable contacts operated in timed relationy cams mounted on the shaft 68, as described above in connection withFigs. 1 to 5, and obviously the modo of operation and the timing of thevarious circuits can be va-. vried to provide any desired operation.

In the preferred arrangement, as shown in Fig. 12, only three sets ofcontacts are employed and the operation is as follows. The four liftingsolenoids 41 are in series with a pair of contacts 72 shunted by acondenser 76, the circuit being connected across the mains 73 and 74, asdescribed above. The solenoid 49 is in series with contacts 71 andcondenser 75 across the mains 73, 74. A third circuit extends from main73 through a third pair of contacts 84 shunted by a condenser 85 to thecoil 86 of a relay and then through the coils 80 of the holding downmagnets to the main 74. A wire 87, connectedj to the main 73, leads torelay contacts 88 associated with rela Icoil 86 and then through coils79 of solenoi s 77 to the main 7 4. The relay is of such type that whencoil 86 is energized, the contacts 88 are held open and when coil 86 isdeenergized,I contacts 88 close by gravity or other means, relays ofthis type being well known in the art. l

In operation, assumin the traveling carriage to be retracted by t espring 52 so that the solenoids are in position over the stack ofsheets, contacts .72 and 84 are closed prac- This completes the circuitthrough the lifting solenoids 41, and at the same time energizes coil 86of the relay and the coils 8() of the combined holding down and liftingsolenoids 77. The coils 79 of solenoid 77 are, however, not energizeddue to the fact that the relay coil 86 maintains the con-I tacts 88open. As the plungers 53 are lifted, the corners are bent or flexed toeffect the initial separation of the top sheet of the stack. As soon asthis is accomplished contacts 84 are opened, whereby coil 86 of therelay and the coils 80 of the solenoids 77 are deenergized, contacts 88close, and'coils 79 of solenoids 77 are energized so that the plungers78 pick up the sheets as shown in Fi 9. During this operation, contacts72 can be ept closed so that plungers 53 aist in holding t e sheet up,or they may be opened to leave the lifting action to the plungers 78. Assoon as the sheet has been lifted, as shown in Fig. 9, contacts 71close, energizing solenoid 49 which pulls the traveling carriage forwardto place the front edge of the sheet in engagement between the feedrollers 59 and 60 as heretofore described. The sheet is then fedforwardly to the feed table 2. Contacts 88 may remain closed as thesheet is being pulled forwardly by the rotating feed rollers so thatsaid sheet does not drop back on the pile, but is maintained elevatedand pulled off the plungers 78, so that scratching of the sheets on thepile is prevented as the top sheet is fed forwardly ofl' the pile.Thereafter, contacts 71 open and solenoid 49 is deenergized so that thetraveling carriage is returned by springs 52, and as soon as sufficienttime has elapsed for the sheet to be removed, contacts 72 and 84 areagain closed, thereby deenergizing the coils 79 by opening the contacts88, and the operation goes on as before.

The apparatus described is simple and economical since it involves nocomplicated mechanical construction, nor any delicate preciseadjustments, and since there are no parts which are apt to get out ofoidei` and cause service difficulties. At the same time, the separation,lifting and feeding of the sheets is reliable and may take place at avery rapid rate. The form of the lifting solenoid plungers effectivelyprevents penetration of the `magnetic flux through the top sheet so thatthere is little or `no attractive effort exerted on the second sheet ofthe stack. The action of the holding down magnets, combined with thelifting solenoids having plungers of the form described, insurespositive separation of the sheets one by one from the top of a stack,while the lifting action is made more ositive by the additional liftafforded by t e combined holding down and lifting magnet, whereby thesheets may be lifted bodily from the stack and maintained out ofengagement therewith while it is being fed off the stack. Obviously anysuitable number and arrangement of solenoids can be employed, dependingupon the size'and nature of the sheets that are to be fed, and likewiselthe traveling carriage may be forwarded by mechanical means if desired.While only two embodiments of the invention have been described andillustrated in the drawings, it is to be expressly understoodthat theinvention is not limited thereto but is capable of a wide variety ofmechanical expressions, and also that changes may be made in the form,construction, and arrangement of parts without departing from the spiritof the invention. Reference is tliercfore to .be had to the appendedclaims for a definition ofthe merits of the invention.

What is claimed is: 1. Apparatus of the class described comprising thecombination of magnetic lifting means for lifting a portion of a sheet,magnetic means for simultaneously holding down an adjacent portion toHex the sheet, and means for lifting the entire sheet bodily.

2. Apparatus of the class described comprising the combination ofmagnetic means for separating a portion of a sheet from a supply, meansfor simultaneously holding an adjacent portion of the sheet against thesupply to Hex the sheet, means for bodily separating the entire sheetfrom the supply,

and means for moving the separated sheet away from said supply.

3. Apparatus of the class described comim prising the combination ofmeans for sepa-` rating a portion of a sheet from a supply,

magnetic means for simultaneously holding an adjacent portion of thesheet against the supply to HeX the sheet, means for releasing i saidholding means after the sheet is Hexed, and means for moving the sheetaway from the supply. l

4. Apparatus of the class describedicomprising the combination ofmagnetic/lifting means for lifting a portion of a sheet, means forsimultaneously holding down an adjacent portion to Hex the sheet, andmeans for lifting the held down portion, whereby the entire sheet islifted.

5. Apparatus of the class described comprising the combination ofmagnetic means for separating a portion of a sheet from a supply,magnetic means for simultaneously holding an adjacent portion of thesheet thereafter separatin the last named portion of the sheet from t esupply, Vwhereby the entire sheet is separated therefrom, and

means for moving the separated sheet awayl for simultaneously holdingdown an adjacent' portion to Hex the sheet, means for releasing saidholding down means, and means for lifting the held down portion of thesheet, whereby the entire sheet is bodily lifted.y

7. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of magneticlifting means for lifting a portion of a sheet, means for simultaneouslyholding down an adjacent portion to Hex the sheet, means for releasingsaid holding down means, means for lifting the held down portion ofthesheet, whereby the entire sheet is lifted, and means for bodilyforwarding the lifted sheet.

8. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of lifting meansfor lifting a portion of a sheet, magnetic means for simulagainst thesupply to Hex the sheet, means for to Hex the sheet, and magnetic meansfor lift.

ing the held down portion whereby the entire sheet is lifted.

10. In apparatus of the'class described, the combination of magneticlifting means for lifting a portion of a sheet, magnetic means` forsimultaneously holding down an adjacent portion to Hex to sheet,magnetic means for lifting the held down portion whereby the entiresheet is lifted, and means for bodily forwarding the lifted sheet.

11. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of magneticAlifting means for lifting a portion of a sheet, magnetic means forsimultaneously holding down an adjacent portion to Hex the sheet, meansfor deenergizmg said holding down means, and magnetic means forthereafter lifting the held down portion of the sheet, whereby theentire sheet is lifted.

12. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of magneticlifting means for lifting a portion of a sheet, magnetic means forsimultaneously holding down an adjacent portion to Hex the sheet, meansfor deenergizing said holding down means, magnetic means for thereafterlifting the held/down portion of the sheet whereby the entire sheet islifted,

alrlld means for bodily forwarding the lifted s eet.

13. Apparatus of the class described, comprising in combination liftingmeans for lifting a portion of a sheet, magnetic means for ho ding downan adjacent portion of said sheet, and means for reversing the action ofsaid holding down means'to lift the sheet.

14. Apparatus of the class described, comprising in combination magneticmeans for lifting a portion of a sheet, magnetic means for holding downan adjacent portion of said sheet, means for reversing the action ofsaid holding down means to lift the entire sheet, and means for bodilyforwarding the lifted sheet. Y i

15. Apparatus of the class described, comprising in combination meansfor lifting a portion of a sheet to Hex the sheet, means for thereafterlifting the remainder of the sheet,

Vmoving said magnetic means away from the 'stack to carry the liftedsheets bodily from the stack.

17. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of a supportmovable in a horizontal direction, a magnet carried thereby, a magneticmember movable relative to said support in a vertical direction to lifta sheet when said magnet is energized, and means for moving said supportto carry the sheet from the stack.

18. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of a supportmovable in a horizontal direction, a magnet coil carried thereby, aplunger slidable in said coil to lift a sheet when said coil isenergized, and means for moving said support to carry the sheet fromthestack.

19. In apparatus of the class described, the v combination of a su port,a plurality of magnets carried by sai support, movable magizing saidmagnets to lift said cores wherey` the top sheet is liftedbodily fromthe carry the sheet from the stack.

20. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of a liftingmagnet and a. movable core for said magnet adapted to lift a 'sheet whensaid magnet is energized, said core having a head and a portion ofreduced diameter adjacent said head.

21. Magnetic lifting means comprising a magnet coil and a movable coretherefor, said core having an enlarged head adapted to contact the-bodyto be lifted and a portion of reduced diameter immediately adjacent saidhead. I

22. In apparatus'of the class described, a magnethaving a plurality ofcoils and a mov- 49 able core therefor, `one of said coils being adaptedto displace said core in one direction, and the other coil being adaptedto displace said core in the opposite direction.'

23. A combined holding down and lifting magnet comprising a magnethaving a plurality of coils axially adjacent'one another, and acommon'imovable core forsaidcoils, said core comprising a plurality ofmagnetic elements connected by a non-magnetic member.

24. In-apparatus of the'class described, the combination of a rollingcarriage, magnetic means carried thereby for lifting a sheet from astack, and a solenoid for movingsaid caru riage to feed the sheet oli'the pile.

neticv cores for said magnets, means for enerf stack, and means formoving said support to 25. In apparatusl of the class described, the l am et for thereafter lifting the portion held own, and means forenergizing said mzgnet in timed relation.

n testimony whereof I have signed this specification.

. EDWIN S. LINCOLN.

combination of a horizontally traveling c arriage, magnetic meanscarried therebyfor lifting 'a sheet from a pile, amagnet for movandmeans for energlzing said 'magnets combination of a magnet for lifting aportion of a sheet, a magnet for holding down .an

ing sa-rd carriage to carry the sheet from the e 05 adjacent portion ofthe sheet to flex the sheet,4 i

'Lli s Eurem eenfed tha@ exrmr appears n the prme specnicaton of thefaim@ numeral? patenz requiring correction as oows: Page 2 `Bim: 36, forwww read am and line i209. im' "ends" read end; page 59 line 8L, cam i0,im' "w" see oacurence, read the; and tlm the slad Letters Patent shouldmaf win @bese correetcms herein that the same may conform to the recordme case abe Patent fi., l

Se .zw-1i sealed ths 29m day of November, A. D. 1932.

M. i. Moolre www n Acting Coumissimler of Patents;

